CCD
The basic structure of a CCD sensor consists of a grid of tiny light-sensitive elements, called pixels. Each pixel contains a small capacitor that can store an electrical charge. When light strikes the surface of the sensor, it causes electrons to be released, which are then collected by the capacitors in each pixel.
CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) is a type of image sensor commonly used in digital cameras to capture and record images. The CCD sensor works by converting light into electrical signals, which can be processed by a camera's digital processor and ultimately used to create a digital image.
The basic structure of a CCD sensor consists of a grid of tiny light-sensitive elements, called pixels. Each pixel contains a small capacitor that can store an electrical charge. When light strikes the surface of the sensor, it causes electrons to be released, which are then collected by the capacitors in each pixel.
To capture an image, the CCD sensor first gathers and stores an electrical charge for each pixel based on the amount of light that falls on it. After a predetermined amount of time, the charge for each pixel is shifted out of the pixel and into a transfer register, where it is sequentially read out and converted into a digital signal. The digital signal is then processed by the camera's digital processor to create the final image.
One of the key advantages of CCD sensors is their high sensitivity to light. This allows them to capture high-quality images in low-light conditions, making them popular in applications such as astronomy and microscopy. CCD sensors also offer high resolution and low noise, making them well-suited for digital photography.
While CCD sensors were once the dominant technology in digital cameras, they have largely been replaced by CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) sensors, which offer several advantages over CCDs. These include lower power consumption, faster readout times, and higher pixel density. However, CCD sensors are still used in certain specialized applications, such as scientific imaging and high-end digital cameras.